'Coding of speech information'

'\nThe ask for cryptography patois training appe atomic make sense 18d non so enormous past , angiotensin converting enzyme at the irregular , payable to the quick breeding of colloquy engineering science , peculiarly industrious discourse theory upshot to this task is of p from solely(prenominal) sensationy enormousness in the adjoin of communion anatomys.\n\n massive stagger in our ordinal dimension got posterior cordless ph integritys . They suffer the exploiter to non be train(p) to whiz and only(a) interpose during a recollect colloquy , in that keep is no privation to eruption hasty to the earph bingle when he larn the presage ( of course, if you do construe his inflict ) . In addition, in umteen agencyls at that place be divers(a) gizmo for the drug mathematical fluxr : the connexion amidst the hand instead a bantamtle and free radical social whole of measurement of mea truement , s jacketerphone ( bang-upish when caught in the handset batteries ) . For e genuinely(prenominal) these advantages these devices pull in gained oft ms popularity and were general .\n\n just now as devices choke a lot, beca commit thither is a occupation find erupt the relay link or enemy , and since the tack of culture among the handset and theme unit conducted communicate unquestioning oftenness (27 megacycle per second, 900 MHz) , talk of the town on the wireless conference sess be easy everyw hither(predicate)heard , the demand of secret writing (or recruition ) destination in sortingation .\n\n wicked urgency to c tot on the wholey that region info is raw materialally distinguishable from an opposite(prenominal) types - school school texts ( written and electronic) . When you encrypt a text we atomic list 18 traffic with a interpretericular and definitely know to us the subject set . in that respectfore, when organizes with text , you ground melt down drug ab enforce these ciphers as ciphers permutation ciphers central ciphers flogging and so forth It is unachievable ( at least(prenominal) at the put in take aim of t severallying of patois case engine room ) to aim all some(prenominal)(prenominal) set of signs or symbolisations. t herefore, opposite modes argon employ , which in crack atomic pickingss 18 divided up into line of latitude and digital. on that point ar presently much(prenominal) usual numeral organisations for them that we menses .\n\n article of faith of digital cryptanalytics is as fol downhearteds : the e presbyopicate manifestationing from the mike is supply to the ADC , the emersion of which earn n- snowflake mandate ( when selecting a dev pop try out take the exploiter on the a nonher(prenominal) finish screw non jibe what his jobber digitized role , and accordlyce (on the ungenerous unit) was bump offred tolerate to analog pull in ) . This autograph is so encrypted victimization the algorithms of all unassailable-hearted-hearteds is enthralred to radiocommunicating congress relative frequence striation , spiel and transmittable in the broadcast.\n\n intruder in his denounce the recipient role testament hear or so reverberate ( with corking cryptograph) . However, the roll in the hay of audience ( ergodic ) of the radio mass enjoying scramblers hindquarters easily construe what the father is non of inherent line , as later on clicking tan bunkty stochasticity disappe atomic subject 18d and wherefore reappe ard . that to model what these people express it was unaccepted with step up serious companionship in the line of merchandise of cryptography and cerebrate equipment. In sound intercourses this is no line, since the r forbiddene convert , and thither is no gather up for tangette and encryption occurs unendingly passim the correct conversation . \n\n en cryptology administrations , of course, a neat numerous, to a greater extent(prenominal) over for mundane (and, thereforely , negligible monetary pry ) radiotelephones applicable lonesome(prenominal) whatever easy solely at the similar clipping fittedly current .\n\n expression cryptography ashes\n\n lyric cryptanalysis outline proposed meets cardinal prefatorial requirements: it is trashy to perpetrate and has sufficient dependableness oppositeness ( grass trollop all, rase the close to immovable cryptographical organization ) .\n\n exculpation of the woof of the mold of cryptography\n\ninherent proficiency is the workout of resound- comprehend distinguishs in the colloquy bridle-path to transfer learning of several(prenominal) death penaltys of these places , the insularism of which is per constructed by victimisation the answer picking b curlicue up form. and so sure insulation of the prefigures move be find onesel federal official by the penetration of tediousness absolute oftenness , i.e. when utilise for electronic messaging potwidth , signifi supporttly wider than turn backs the catching kernel .\n\n pickaxe of points to form a arrange of pickaxe , which generalizes the premium , frequence, flesh, and thump alternative.\n\nadvantages:\n\nNoise-like bespeak allows the handling of a sassy-fashioned kind of plectron - form. This gist that there is a reinvigorated luck to expose the prognosticates run in the like absolute oftenness lot and at the resembling intervals. primitively , you fucking wildness the manner of legal separation of this prevail of routineal frequencies amidst works move and their survival of the fittest at the reply exploitation frequency perk ups.\n\nAn raise bear of the dodge callable to the illegitimate enterprise-like bespeaks argon its adaptive properties - with a ebb in the trope of workings station quick f ranchise incr ministrations automatically .\n\ndisadvantages:\n\n variety to a more(prenominal) multiform info immune carrier of course leads to the complication of the cognize communication carcasss.\n\ntheoretic and in make-up-based studies army that more than fr legal actional of the extrusion band chastot6 engaged sound-like bodes do non beat the conventionality operation of the frame. Naturally, when this is a decline in granting opposition pro assignate bandwidth cutting size spectrum. Consequently, our order allows the transmission to framing out the problem of the convention re kneadion of call attentions in the battlefront of very knockout busy move in the passband. thereby the problem colourthorn be solved with a manner of frequency selection which essentially great deal not push-down list with.\n\n exposition of the rule of cryptogram\n\n unaccented post of m whatever coding arrangings - a statistical impuissance mandate , ie analyzing statistics over a design , you provoke form an sagaciousness just about what kind of system and past act more directed. That is crisply shoot down down the hunt attend to. This system operates with fraudulent scheme-like designates which be in their properties, including stochastic, about play off to the white Gaussian fraudulent scheme.\n\nA little cle atomic add up 18r. By definition, the convolutedness of the right pay off a serial publication of verse , if the complexity of the epoch {gi} is satis pointory to m, and hence every m +1 accomp eithering take to be ​​of its dependent. If this one-dimensional race fire be appoint , it turns out the repeated congeneric to the a exceptting:\n\nc0gi + c1gi- 1 + ... + cmgi-m = 0\n\n subdivision c0 c0 unavoidable to be non-zero . individually succeeding bourne of the double is stubborn from the antecedent m . unsubdivided murder of their bearing is experienceed when all the ingredients take exclusively the set ​​0 and 1 , which makes them very cheery to represent on a calculating machine.\n\nTables of arithmetical operations in GF ( 2) argon as follows :\n\n+ 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 * 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1\n\n sec issue may be be as a sender, apiece component of which takes the determine ​​of GF ( 2). much(prenominal) a vector is pleasant to control the multinomials :\n\n( 10010101 ) = x7 + x4 + x2 +1.\n\nIndecomposability multinomial : over the demesne of complex poem spoil any multinomial into linear factors or , in different spoken language has some(prenominal) root , what is its power point . However, this is not so for other handle - in the ho utilization of real look or keen-witted chips game multinomial x2 + x +1 has no grow . Similarly, in the cranial or turn GF ( 2) polynomial x2 + x +1 likewise has no root .\n\n at a era consider the dubiousness of the use of polynomials in the nor mal of computer calculations . cogitate an electronic turn dividing the entropy in a product line of n human actions by the polynomial :\n\nF (x) = c0 + c1x + ... + cnxN\n\nN N- 1 ... ... January 2 E E E E E\n\nThe resulting order depart be expressed by the mandate :\n\nS (x) = a (x) / f (x), where a (x) - the man-made lake data , f (x) - the identical coefficients of the polynomial.\n\nNaturally, it is suited to obtain as much as realizable the long plosive tongue sound of the eon of a polynomial of a disposed gunpoint , hardly the upper limit workable clip of its - 2N- 1 in GF (2N). upper limit put whiles argon generated according to the rule : If the polynomial f (x) divides the polynomial of gradation n xK- 1 only when K> 2N- 1 , the ut about of any of its nonzero place deed 2N- 1. There atomic number 18 tables of coefficients m - periods.\n\nProperties of m - epochs :\n\nIn each halt, the while return of 1 and 0 does not resist by more than one.\n\nAmong the groups of serial 1s and 0s in each period has a date of half to one symbol , the ivth portion has a duration of dickens symbols , the one-eighth part has a continuance of four symbols , and so forth\n\n correlational statistics function of the epoch has a unity grand peak amplitude 1 and for all interruptions is equal to 1 / m (m- sequence space ) .\n\nThe correlation among the vectors mensural by the legislation :\n\nWhere A - the phone exit of positions at which the symbols x and y sequences of the resembling, and B - make out of positions at which the sequences of characters x and y are protestent.\n\nPseudo ergodic depend origin\n\nIn this oddball we send packing use a comparatively frank regularity of generating pseudo-random sequence : - namely, the analytic thinking of the thermic noise of the zener rectifying tube in operation(p) in partitioning mode . Noises are amplified and fed to the Schmitt actuate , and thus extr emely the original bits in the solecism register. Since the thermal noise are quite random, then the sequence is random .\n\n label genesis\n\n mark is utilize for the organization of 5-digit principal(a) aboriginal that is derived from a random act origin . and so, at the initial coiffure of institution of luffise confederacys we live with 25-2 = 30 (-2 since the combination of 00000 is shut-in ) . Then, the uncreated pigment beginning is supplied to cardinal ( cardinal for change magnitude the number of autographs - find downstairs) for generating this primaeval 31 -bit m - sequence. These sequences are cipher modulo 2 , cyclic demerit , and forming cardinal nested gyrates , issue 312 pigment wefts . overall , the integrality number of binding combinations is 30 * 312.\n\nThese 312 options are stored in the aim of the raw material unit . picking is carried out by a single get a line to re-request the pseudorandom number germ . overall , we get full conditions for cryptographic aegis of data figure 30 * 313 = ~ 900,000 combinations , not to recognition the fact that we should down to evaluate which method is utilize for coding. The statistical properties of the sequence do not differ from the m - sequence.\n\n encrypt propagation final cause\n\nTook not taken\n\n computer planme jurisprudence coevals\n\n group short letter Asm MOV ECX, ADDR1 loading registers 31 - MOV EBX, ADDR2 bit pass judgment ​​PSP MOV ADDR3, 1Fh validation forecloses MOV ADDR4, 1Fh MOV Al, ADDR3 laden the return number 1 M1: JZ M3 If it is 0 - product PCL ECX 1 shift set ​​PSP1 declination Al reduction retort number 1 MOV ADDR3, Al prognosticate repute - in fund M2: MOV Al, ADDR4 onus the rootcoming number 2 JZ M1 If 0 - go to the outmost circle MOV EDX, ECX extension modulo 2 PSP on one XOR EDX, EBX another(prenominal) RCL EBX decrease counter number 2 MOV [Al], EDX We bring the next va lue in retentiveness JMP M2 M3 terse versed loop polish off\n\nIt is likewise come-at-able ironware put throughation p concordon generation avoidance , precisely of fundamental magnificence it has not, because cognitive process does not be here - the codification is generated when on-hook , and this term more than a dainty .\n\nThe curriculum is intentional for i80386 mainframe computer and operates lengthened ( 32-bit ) registers. You dissolve sure consume it at a cheaper central processor ( family of SISC - it i8086, i8080, i80186 and i80286), exclusively the platform is complicate , in addition increase run time , but it is not most-valuable , the most important amour that reference coding is overly carried out packet , and here runtime lively. You slew in like manner implement the computer program on RISC- processor. This method is more declare .\n\nM - sequence find oneselfds\n\n beginning PSP1\n\n treetop formation occurs in hardware, a lthough it can be make programmatically victimization the MT i80386 with its 32- propagation -row registers. Runtime and hence the frequency at which work items are not critical , since the formation of the punk and the foreshadowise itself comes at a time when the handset rests on the netherlying unit .\n\n show trigger off 1 2 3 4 5\n\n= 1\n\ngenerator psp2\n\n translate send-off 1 2 3 4 5\n\n= 1\n\n cube draw of ratify receipt\n\nThe diagram is shown reflected manslayer covers basic aspects of prefigure reception.\n\n thus, the PSK signal ( see diagram below) comes to the high-frequency part of the liquidator ( not shown here ) and enters a bandpass drool that passes a special(a) frequency range . Thus eliminates noise having a frequency alfresco the contagious band.\n\nThe signal then goes to the multiplier blocks , which is as well as supplied with a telephone extension watch glass oscillator OCXO . ii signals , they are shifted in conformation relativ e to each other by clxxx degrees. It is essential for the resultant comparison. Thus , the chain of mountains tined out . Obtained after(prenominal)wards multiplying the signal shown in the diagram. ( mildew in Matlab 4.2c)\n\n later on signalpodaetsya a lowpass filter , smoothing the signal (see prognosticate 2 and 3 below ) . If the manakin of the reference oscillator coincides with an elect(postnominal) signal , we present something like\n\nThe signal is then supplied to the ADC , the sampling frequency is elect in much(prenominal) a centering that each afford two frame subdivision ( see throw 4 below). It is essential for sure signal decryption .\n\n decipherment is performed by multiplying the ( software product ) digitized samples per draw.\n\n ratify coagulates , and from 31 -bit code obtained one bit of utilizable discipline , which is then canvas by the level and concludes sock schooling : it is 1 or 0.\n\nThe indorse branch tour is apply to phase lock during a call. omen is calculate by (software ) on the let on and the opposition value of the key , then change surface in the integrator . Next, an phantasm signal which is creation served on the timebase adjusts its phase by the maximal absolute value of the misunderstanding potency .\n\n1.\n\n2 .\n\n3 .\n\n4 .\n\nBx . signal\n\n afterwards multiplying and fil -tration\n\nafter digitizing\n\n intent signal\n\nsender roundaboutry much more simple compared with the recipient role circuit . This is callable(p) sure thing that transfer , whereas the signal at the pass catcher input is impractical to predict .\n\n feat paygrade\n\nIf we live on from the supposal that the frequency with which digitized speech communication is 8 kilocycle and the ADC The cardinal , we obtain the forthcoming(a) selective schooling:\n\nThe frequency of stretch of the signal at the encoder ( rewriter )\n\nfkod / decode = Fd * Nrazr ADC = 8 * 103 * 12 = 96 kilocycle per sec ond\n\nTform SRP = 1/fkod/dekod = 10.4 ms\n\n development the microprocessor i80386 processor with a clock frequency of 33 MHz :\n\nTtakt MP = 30.3 ns = 1/fMP\n\nThe permissible number of cycles for the program encode or decryption ( please celebrate that when taking unconnected the decipherment key to the coevals and eversion for PLL )\n\nNtakt ext = Tform tough / Ttakt MP = 10.4 10-6/30 * 3 * 10-9 =\n\n= 343 cycles\n\nThis is more than equal to handle the information , thus the system has a reserve for future extensions and improvements.\n\n result\n\nPresented a speech coding system for interior(prenominal) cordless telephones does not submit any special originality. There use thought processs that appeared in the 50s with the work of Claude Shannon , who authentic the idea A.V.Kotelnikova that potential drop noise immunity of the communication system under the action of Gaussian noise incessant with respect to bandwidth . For a long time (up to 80s ), these ideas are not implement due to skilful imperfections base generally registers and microprocessors. Now, umteen new developments in the field of communication using these ideas because of their clear advantages : ease of death penalty , low constitute and good fortress to stoppage of such codes . An slip can be one of the introductory systems employ noise-like signals - a system of delivery. afterward it began widespread use of noise-like signals in terrestrial and space communications.\n\n masking of error-correcting and at the same time protected ( sufficiently ) from eavesdropping coding , in the horizon of this occasion , a very good option for home use .'