Describe 4 common sports injuries

The fibula is the splint bone on the outside of the lower stage, at that place atomic number 18 two types of breaks, the first being an open fracture which kernel the bone has ruptured the grate. A closed fracture does not rupture the skin and also a closed fracture is often treated by fitting a removable plastic cast. Healing time should be about 12 to 16 weeks.Unfortunately in Eduardos racing shell he suffered an open fracture caused by force so his study were splintered and ragged. Surgical fixing of the leg is then needed, which involves a large blast being inserted down the bone and then fixed together with plates and screws. This order improves reco really time and reduces muscle wastage due to immobilisation.Prompt medical solicitude limited the molest caused to Eduardos fibula. During an operation his fractured fibula was held together by pins. later the operation he required a leg cast. in the lead the leg cast was removed he was not allowed to put either weigh t on the brand so had to use crutches and have level(p) x-rays to check the pins and fusion of the bones. After the leg cast was removed he required intense physiotherapy to recover fully, due to the extent of his spot he was not able to play football for over a year. The wearing of shin pads reduces damage unless force is applied to the side of the leg as in this case.ConcussionThis is a traumatic brain injury which causes confusion, reflexes, speech and sleeping patterns. Movement of the brain from a heavy flak can cause concussion or unconsciousness much(prenominal)(prenominal) as blows to the head when boxing. The symptoms could be nausea, unequal pupils, headache, drowsiness and memory loss although in that location are well-nightimes no symptoms and no awareness of having concussion. intervention would be in infirmary if there is any suspected brain damage or bleeding to the brain such as in boxing. modest concussions can be treated with rest and pain killers to treat headaches. recovery can take between a a couple of(prenominal) days to months.After American boxer Leander Johnson died from prolong punches to the head during a boxing mark anti boxing organisations called for a ban on boxing. Leander died in hospital from injuries caused to his brain. Neurological scientists estimate that15-40 per cent of ex boxers have some form of chromic brain injury to the highest degreely caused from repeated concussions.Muscle atmosphere ( dun)A hamstring injury is a common strain in sport, it is also cognize as a pulled hamstring. The hamstring muscles are located in the upper leg, there are three muscles known as semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris.Depending on severity it would be a first, second or third degree strain and is caused by overstretching the muscle causing it to tear. Treatment would be rest, ice and elevation called the RICE protocol. Symptoms are a sudden sharp pain and you would also sustain pain when stretching or c ontracting the muscle.The hamstring can be damaged in most sporting activities such as running, cycling and football. To prevent a hamstring injury it is essential for an athlete to warm up correctly. Age, tiredness and earlier injuries all increase the risk of injury.Many footballers experience hamstring injuries such as Shay Given who was injured recently. The recovery time for such an injury varies greatly depending on the severity it could be anything from a few days to many months.BruisingBruising can be sustained in almost any sport a bruise is caused by vascular leakage of red blood cells into tissue. (Bleeding beneath the skin) this causes discolouration on the surface of the skin. The bruise changes colour as it heals such as chocolate-brown and yellow, some creams (which contain vitamin K) can speed up healing. Bruises would not intermeddle with sporting activity unless they extend to a large area such as a whole leg. They are usually painful to bear on and can be swol len but usually heal very quickly. Applying cold packs or ice to area aids with healing and pain. The homo champion judo fighter, Mike Swain has sustained many bruises during his career, as do many judo fighters. The bruising has never interfered with him being able to partake in a judo match.

Angelo’s Pizza Essay

1) The paradox with Angelos pizza pie is that it has no strategic human resource proviso. strategic HRM is about planning to meet the plaques human resource requirements soundly in advance of the actual required date. The proud level goals for strategic HRM leave alone be derived from the brasss overall strategic planning. For example, Angelos Pizza started out from a single shop enterprise and then expanded three transshipment centers. However, on that point was no plan is place about the enhanced human resources which would be required to offer the boldnessal harvest-time plans. Because of this, the organizations human resources became the weak contact when the new stores were dress up. Similarly, if a franchisee is to be established, Angelo needs to have a detailed strategic HRM plan in place.The first spirit in Strategic HRM is to determine the number of employees and the types of competencies which pass on be required by the organization in the next five years. For this purpose, the present and future expansion plans moldiness be considered and the competencies which would be required by the diverse types of routines in the organization moldiness be actual. It is important to remember that the competencies not only when hold hard readinesss like qualification and action experience, but likewise soft skills like communication, manners etc. Consider the importance of a evokedidates temperament, motivation, attitude and initiative (Johnson, Rose). Once the list is authentic with various types of roles and the competencies required for each role, the next phase is to begin implementing locomote encapable the organization to have the required employees.To implement strategic HRM, the organization must have a recruitment system, training strategy, and compensation planning and employee retention strategy in gunstock with the requirements planned for the future. The comp whatever must have a stable recruitment policy which should be able to attract fueldidates with the kind of competencies required. The recruitment calendar should be of a large term nature where erectdidates ar recruited based on the needs developed in the long term plans and not just a stifle jerk reaction to resignation or new store opening. Since Angelos Pizza does not have every in house recruitment team, it would be a good idea to outsource this to a hiring direction which would recognize rear enddidates and after a firstlevel screening as per requirement of Angelos Pizza, would only send the shortlisted foundationdidates for interview directly with Angelo.Currently, Angelos Pizza has no training facility and all new joiners argon expected to subscribe on the project. This strategy may work for periodic workers such as waiter who come with prior experience however, for managers and any recruits with no relevant experience, any(prenominal) training would be required. In line with Angelos aim of expanding and eventually usin g franchising regulate, training manager result be critical for success. To enable this, Angelo should move out of the role of managing any store full time and concentrate of training all his store managers. Angelo should take charge of training and spend time in each of his stores, giving time to train the managers. The store managers in turn bequeath be responsible for training and guiding other provide members in their stores.For any organization, to defend the best talent, it is important to have a bonnie and attractive C&B plan as substantially as other aspects in a comprehensive talent retention strategy. Angelos Pizza must have a rank based estimate where high performers will be wearn better salary. The companys talent retention strategy must be focused on trying to keep employees happy at work and offer them occupational group yield opportunities within the organization. For example, having rewards and recognition for good performers will motivate employees to wor k hard and satisfy high performing employees. Similarly, employees showing high authority fanny be offered higher education support so that they adviseful move to managerial roles within the organization. 2) After considering the worrys faced by Angelos Pizza, the following learning objectives seem most suitablei) LM 3 (Discuss how recruiting strategies impact the competitive advantage of a firm) Angelos Pizza is woefulness from high turnover and wish of good employees due to its unplanned recruitment policies. Angelo has a very rudimentary recruitment strategy which does not earn out to the right candidate pool and is not able to select the best fitting candidates. To improve its competitiveness, Angelo must have a well developed recruitment strategy. Advertising in two local text file is not enabling Angelo to reach out to the intended audience. He can take the booster of hiring agencies to find the right candidates as per the cheat write and put them through a multi lev el pick process. Employee referrals are similarly an important pricking for recruitment. Also, he must outsource the background halt process to a competent organization.ii) LM 4 (Comment on the human relationship between individualizedity and work performance) It is seen from the case, that the job requirements have soft skill requirements which come from a soulfulnesss personality. In the restaurant transmission line it is important how employees interact and treat the clients. Therefore, Angelo needs to consider these requirements which designing the hiring compose and recruitment strategy. Also, stress has to be placed on other personal qualities such as honesty and loyalty. Since Angelos is worried about stealing, the selection process must also take into consideration the candidates personality traits. This means that the selection process will have to be muti-tiered consisting of background bears, personal interview and mock situations where the candidate is given practical(prenominal) situations.iii) LM 7 (Develop and evaluate a performance appraisal tool for a given situation) Angelos Pizza has a very high turnover and it is noticed that it is the good employees who are leaving the organization. To reverse this trend, a holistic performance appraisal system should be put in place which recognizes high performers and differentiates them from the others. The high performers should not get frustrated at the job and a performance appraisal system is the first step in identifying these high performers so that strategies can be developed to retain them. The performance appraisal system should be fair and evaluate the employee against the targets set by the manager. There should also be a mechanism where the feedback from customers is lay in and used as an input for performance appraisal.iv) LM 8 (Discuss various types of benefits a company could provide employees) Once the appraisal system is in place, compensation and benefits should be variab le based on employee performance. As a small organization, Angelos Pizza has the flexibility to design C&B as per employee requirements. Small scale, personal involvement and independence all head to an absence of bureaucracy, creating the SMEs reputation of being able to oppose readily to ever-changing circumstances (Brand.2002). For example, for hourly employees, assistance for further education can be a lucrative benefit, while at the same time providing the organization with a higher qualified resource for future managerial position.v) LM 9 (Discuss how corporate strategy can be aligned with HR) The lack of strategic HRM is the core issue affecting Angelos Pizza. Corporate strategy should be aligned with HR, so that resource requirements are planned well in advance and there is no shortfall of trained employees when the organization needs them. As Angelos Pizza is on a growth track, it must ensure that it has a recruitment and training plan to support the organizational growth. 3) Theft can be a major problem in small organizations because there is lack of control mechanisms and often employees are assigned to multiple tasks which reduce checks and balances. To reduce the problem of material and intelligent theft in the recruitment process, several measures can be adopted. solid ground verification is perhaps the most important factor which can help weed out candidates who are likely to steal. Angelos Pizza can outsource this task to professional agencies which conduct through background checks. These checks should include the candidates criminal record, past employment history, credit rating and other social security details.According to the law, a person cannot be discriminated against just because he has a criminal record. However, if the employer can show that the persons criminal record will hamper his job responsibility, it can weed out such candidates. Attorney Mark Briggs of the Arizona-based Briggs Law sort said the new law forces employers to have a clear community for why someones criminal record makes them unfit for the job they are applying for (Brooks,2014). For example, if a candidate has multiple theft convictions, Angelos Pizza may have to show how this would lead to higher chances of theft at job, if they have to disqualify the person. Similarly, a person with regular credit defaults may be under higher financial pressure and hence more(prenominal) likely to steal.Having a recruitment process to avoid intellectual theft is more intemperate. Employers should take time to understand their current high performing employees and see what personal attributes have led them to stay at the job. contend the time to find individuals in your organization that have the same or a similar position to the one you are recruiting for (Wheeler, 2004). The interview must check the candidates future aspirations and see if they are in line with growth in the company or not.4) To check the employee manners in an interview, Angelo c an use role plays, where the candidate is given a certain supposed situation and has to respond to that situation. For example, Angelo can pretend to be a customer and the candidate must pretend to be a waiter. In this way, Angelo can create potential difficult situations which may arise when a customer is unhappy and check how the candidate responds in the interview. For example, Angelo can take the role of a customer who is unhappy about the food and is in a bad mood. The candidate must act the role of the waiter who will have to calm down the customer and end the situation in a satisfactory manner.Another option, which is less time consuming and can be used as a screening method is to give all the candidates a case study reading a difficult situation where an unruly customer must be calmed down. The candidates should be asked to respond to the situation is writing and mention how they would respond to the situation given in the case.5) To check if the candidate is ineffective, A ngelo must decide which would be primary responsibilities for the job and design the interview to check those competencies. For example, for a cashier, numerical ability is important. Therefore, Angelo can give a numerical question which the candidate must be able to respond to quickly. Check of effectiveness cannot be generalized as different jobs require different skills. One good way to check the candidates intelligence level is to give him an aptitude test. dexterity tests are important because they show the persons mental ability. A person with a high aptitude will generally be able to learn and master new skills more effectively. Angelo can also give candidates some specific task to accomplish like for example, building a Lego model to check their effectiveness.ReferencesBrand, Maryse. (2002). Strategic HRM for SMEs Implications for Firms and Policy, retrieved on 10/23 from http//www.rug.nl/staff/m.j.brand/e_tj_2002_strategic_hrm.pdf Wheeler, Kevin. (2004). Good Hiring Starts With A Good Job Profile, retrieved on 10/23 from http//www.ere.net/2004/11/10/good-hiring-starts-with-a-good-job-profile/ Johnson, Rose. How to Reduce Employee Turnover by Effective enlisting in the Hotel Industry, retrieved on 10/23 from http//smallbusiness.chron.com/reduce-employee-turnover-effective-recruitment-hotel-industry-33538.html Brooks, Chad. (2014). Employee Background Checks Whats Legal, Whats Not, retrieved on 10/23 from http//www.businessnewsdaily.com/6166-why-you-need-to-use-background-checks.html

Undue Influence

As pile Munby firmly stated, it is impossible to define, and difficult even to describe, at what point at which the find out becomes, in the eye of law, exuberant. The doctrine of unfounded baffle has been agree upon as the ground of simmpleness developed by the courts of equity as a court of conscience. It is an ordinary behaviour to squ atomic number 18 up individuals and persuade them to tuck into transactions. However, the aim is to ensure that the specify exercised is non ab employ.On the grounds of these concepts, it is impossible to vex a flawless higher authoritative criterion to be presently applied in every case to recognize whether overweening influence had been exercised or not. Attempting to do that has been problematic. Firstly, courts piss not been able to always punctuate between unjustified influence and unconscionability transaction. Secondly, titles categorizing extravagant influence as each claimant-sided or defendant-sided have not been succ essful in presenting insupportable influence as an independent doctrine.Thirdly, subdividing undue influence into categories and determinedting rules chthonic them change magnitude the possibility of misconceptions arising. Since undue influence is an equitable doctrine, the criteria practise to define it ought to entirely provide a framework for judges to exercise their jurisdiction. Hence, it allows them to assess cases flexibly based on the particulate facts provided instead than looking at undue influence as a common law doctrine and applying the rules set strictly.A main difficulty in attempting to set a comprehensive definitive description of undue influence is its numerous resemblances with the unconscionability notion. The usage of the word horrific in describing undue influence has established an opinion that it is based on the Unconscionability Bargains doctrine. Furthermore, misconception can be recognized in the case Lloyds argot Plc v Lucken, where Mr. Lucken h ad hauld Mrs. Lucken to obtain a loan using her houses security. Mrs. Lucken eventually agreed to Mr. Luckens request, and the money was lent to one of Mr.Luckens eventually impuissance businesses. She later claimed that the charge was impeachable because Mr. Lucken had exercised undue influence upon her. The administration of Appeal refused championship disputing that the pressure placed was not unconscientious. Tending to define undue influence in an excessive precise manner using the word steep has rather caused confusion and difficulty in terms of separating it from unconscionability dealing. Therefore, even if the cardinal doctrines share similarities, they should still be distinguished. exuberant Influence is concerned with the quality of the assume or assent of the weaker party, while unconscionable dealing is concerned with the occupy of the stronger party in attempting to implement, or retain the benefit of, a dealing with a person to a lower place a special dis ability in circumstances where it is not consistent with equity. Legal surety requires that they be hard-hitting hence in that respect should not be an attempt to limit undue influence under a precise definition unless it would be used to represent and clarify that it is an independent doctrine.There has been an ongoing debate on whether undue influence is categorized as a claimant-oriented or defendant-oriented doctrine. The defendant apostrophize suggests that it is illegitimate or unconscionable. As ennoble Hoffman stated in R v Attorney-General for England and Wales, undue influence has concentrated in particular upon the cheating(prenominal) development by one party of a relationship which gives him authorization or intense over the another(prenominal)(a). Including unacceptable means and unfair exploitation inwardly the definition yields it powerfully appear as defendant focused.Furthermore, claimant-sided penchant defines the influence as beingness overbeari ng and too high. It originally aimed to discern unconscionability from undue influence, but rather obliquely connected it to another doctrine. It was pointed by Birks and Chin when they s supporter, Some jurists will still be attracted by the simplicity of the defendant-sided analysis, and they will point out, correctly, that the number of cases in which there is no unconscionable behaviour is very smallIf there are two doctrines, there are two doctrinesThe correct approach will be to grapple both undue influence and duress as plaintiff-sided factors which ground relief based on a degree of impairment of the plaintiffs capacity to make decisions. Even though they ladder to separate the two doctrines, they still tend to relate it to duress. A new approach can be taken -that presents undue influence as a flexible doctrine- including the presence of flaws at bottom the claimant and defendant oriented definitions.It can be said that undue influence can be both excessive (claimant -focused) and used in an amiss(p) or unconscionable manner (defendant-focused) depending on the facts of the case. Some of cases set under presumed undue influence had been miscategorised later on at once applying the rules rather than interpreting the facts valuably. To confirm that presumed undue influence has been exercised, the claimant has to establish a relationship of corporate trust and corporate trust and consequently prove a transaction that calls for an explanation. Scepticism is apparent, as fork overn by Lord Browne Wilkinson when he describes those certain relationships as a reckon of law that raise the presumption that undue influence has been exercised. In other words, the relationship itself might give rise to a presumption of undue influence as applied under the two requirements. It should be observe each relationship should be interpreted individually rather than being grouped into a certain type. If jurists apply the rules rigorously, they will only be a s Lord Nicholls refers to in Etridge, presuming that influence exists.Presumed undue influence taxonomy appears to have characteristics that divert undue influence from its essence meaning. It had been subdivided into firstly, certain relationships as a matter of law raise the presumption that undue influence had been exercised, and secondly, that the complainant proves the existence of a relationship under which the complainant generally reposed trust and confidence in the wrongdoer. Even if certain relationships do fall under the categories, they should not override the evidence set in the case facts that show whether undue influence has been exercised.It is supported by Lord Nicholls of Birkenhead when he says, The types of relationship, such(prenominal) as parent and child, in which this principle falls to be applied, cannot be listed exhaustively. Relationships are infinitely variousIt would be absurd for the law to husband that every gift by a child to a parent, or every tr ansaction between a client and his solicitor or between a patient and his doctor, was brought about by undue influence. delinquent to the flaws indoors their definitions, the subdivisions set under presumed undue influence would only aid in describing the various parameters of previous cases.However, once jurists intend to view them as firm rules that should be applied to any case that seems to relate to a certain criteria, they will be contradicting the overall idea that the doctrine is equitable. Flaws inside the definition of actual undue influence caused it to overlap with other doctrines, hence emerging to misinform its overall implication. In Royal Bank of Scotland plc v Etridge , Lord Hobhouse defined it as an equitable wrong committed by the dominant party against the other which makes it unconscionable for the dominant party to enforce his legal rights against he other. Also, Lord Nicholls emphasized that uncertainty builds up after subdividing the doctrine to actual un due influence, as it compromises overt acts of outlaw(a) pressure over or in such as unlawful threats. Thus, it has such(prenominal) overlap with the principle of duress as this principle has subsequently developed. Flaws within the definition are evident, since it doesnt seem to directly reflect a complete definition of undue influence that doesnt overlap with other doctrines.Furthermore, in Bank of Credit and Commerce International SA v Aboody, the Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal because it had not been shown that the transactions were manifestly negative to Mrs. Aboody, because even though Mr. Aboody had unduly influenced her, he had not acted with any improper motive. It appears that the Court of Appeal after recognising that the case is similar with others which had previously been categorize as actual undue influence cases, had directly applied the rules set strictly under it without recognising that equity cases are variant and can be each judged valuably by their unique facts.The nature of the requirement manifestly minus was not used as its originator Lord Scarman had intended. This had been shown in the antecedent case Bank of Credit and Commerce International SA v Aboody. In a narrow sense, such a transaction plainly manifestly is minus to the wife. She undertakes a serious financial obligation, and in return she personally receives nothing. hardly that would be to a relationship of solicitor and client or medical advisor and patient, in the case of husband and wife there are intent reasons why such a transaction whitethorn good be for her benefit. The latter extract added the factor of conception. Intention appears to be a subjective matter that would be proven under the facts of a certain case, rather than applying the rules set under the categories of undue influence. Such cases therefore, cannot be approached but on a mathematical basis it involves a value judgment. This directly relates to the original nature of undue influ ence, where its flexibility should be granted rather than it being applied under regulations.The label manifestly disadvantageous should not be rejected, but only be set to clarify possibilities of what Lords may adopt in certain undue influence cases as Lord Scarman has proposed in National Westminster Bank Plc v Morgan. Overall, since it is a well attenuate concept known to be an equitable jurisdiction, courts should apply the doctrine of undue influence flexibly based on the facts of the case. There have been many a(prenominal) subdivisions and titles that were set under undue influence. Firstly, arguments on whether undue influence is claimant-oriented or defendant-oriented.Secondly, divisions that are known as actual and presumed undue influence (as well as subdivisions and requirements under them). Such criteria can be useful in describing the different parameters on what undue influence is generally all about. However, if the intention is to use it strictly to decide whethe r undue influence has been exercised or not, the flaws within their definitions might lead to misconceptions. Accordingly, returning to the basic definition that has been agreed upon would minify the bewilderment and increase the possibilities that courts make correct jurisdictions. - 2 . Bank of Scotland v Bennett 1997 1 F. L. R. 801. 3 . Stone R. and Cunnington, R. Text, Cases and Materials on admit Law ( Routledge-Cavendish, Oxon 2007) 749 4 . Devenny and Chandler , Unconscionability and the Taxonomy of Undue Influence 2007 JBL 541 5 . 1998 4 All E. R. 738 6 . Devenny and Chandler , Unconscionability and the Taxonomy of Undue Influence 2007 JBL 541 7 . Stone R. and Cunnington, R. Text, Cases and Materials on Contract Law ( Routledge-Cavendish, Oxon 2007) 753 8 . ibid 752 9 . 2003 UK PC 22 10 . McKendrick, E.Contract Law (6th edn Palgrave MacMillan, radical York 2005) 11 . Stone R. and Cunnington, R. Text, Cases and Materials on Contract Law ( Routledge-Cavendish, Oxon 2007) 752 12 . Birks, P and Chin, NY, On the nature of undue influence , in Beatson, J and Friedmann, D (eds), cheeseparing Faith and Fault in Contract Law ( Clarendon, Oxford 1995) 95 13 . ibid 758 14 . Barclays Bank v OBrien 1994 A. C. 180 at 189 15 . Enonchong, N. Presumed undue influence continuing misconceptions? (2005) LQR (accessed 12 December 2008) 16 . Royal Bank of Scotland plc v Etridge 2002 2 AC 773 17 . Stone R. and Cunnington, R. Text, Cases and Materials on Contract Law ( Routledge-Cavendish, Oxon 2007) 758-759 18 . Royal Bank of Scotland plc v Etridge 2002 2 AC 773 19 . 2002 2 AC 773 20 . McKendrick, E. Contract Law (6th edn Palgrave Macmillan, New York 2005) 365 21 . ibid 22 . 1990 1 Q. B. 923 at 953 23 . Stone R. and Cunnington, R. Text, Cases and Materials on Contract Law ( Routledge-Cavendish, Oxon 2007) 756-757 24 . Collins , H. The Law of Contract (4th edn LexisNexis, capital of the United Kingdom 2003) 144-145 25 . Devenny and Chandler , Unconscionability and the Taxonomy of Undue Influence 2007 JBL 541 26 . 1985 1 AC 686 at 709

Organizational Behavior at Accenture Essay

1. IntroductionThis paper gives an overview of the ecesisal behavior (Organizational Structure, last, and lead) at Accenture the decease organization I manoeuvreed with. Accenture is an international management consulting, technology services and outsourcing organization, with nigh 0.25 million multitude and clients in more than 120 countries. It has generated net taxation of US$ 27.9 billion for last fiscal year i.e. 31 st imperious 2012. (Accenture,2012)2. Organizational Structure2.1 Accentures Structure At A discernOrganizations structure divides the organizational activities and co-ordinates them to achieve the aim of the organization. Accenture is form into various partially overlapping industry beas that allow the clients to choose from a variety of integrated consulting services. It upholds four global operations representforces 1. Consulting 2. Servicing 3. Solutions 4. attempt control board 2.1 highlights five operating groups and their respective 19 industry groups indoors the organization. (Accenture Facts,2012) Financial services Banking Capital Market Insurance Health & normal operate Health Public Services communions , Media & Technology Communication Electronics & High Tech Media & Entertainment Product Automotive Air, Freights & Travel Services Consumer Goods & Services Industrial Equipment Infrastructure & Transportation Resources Chemical Energy inbred Resources UtilitiesTable 2.1The figure below displays the organizational chart of Accenture and explains how opposite sub-units interact with from each one other.Exam Number B031449Page 3 of 11 fig 2.1 Accentures Organizational structure ( cite Official board, 2012)2.2 Analyzing the Structure of AccentureBuchanan and Huczynski (2010) defined cardinal key elements of organizational structure and in this section, we volition see how they bushel to Accenture as an organization. It can be slowly inferred from the organizational structure (Figure 2.1) and study group voic e (Table 2.1) that Accenture is a large complex organization that requires its employees to be highly specialized in the parturiencys allocated to them to ensure that tonus work is delivered. In order to make sure that all the employees are highly apt with respect to their toils, an intense induction takes place in the pedigree of their jaunt in the organization. Accenture follows a tall organizational pecking order structure call backable to its diverse workforce and workgroups where Span of Control for a Manager depends on the size of the brook. Within the solutions workforce, in a single confoundion, following hierarchy existsFigure 2.2 Hierarchies in a project For example, Span of Control for the project in which I worked was a 96 Designation Programmers (10) Senior Programmers (8) analyst Programmer (6) group Lead (4) Manager Span of Control oneness Team lead , supervises 24 resources One Manager supervises 4 team-leads. So total Span of Control = 96The tasks in each project in the Solutions workforce are departmentalized into incompatible submodules i.e. analysis, Design & Build, and Testing. Department of Analysis is responsible for creating business artifacts that detail out clients unavoidableness and proposed solution to achieve it. These artifacts are indeed passed to the Design & Build Team who create the high-level design documents and develops the products which client has asked for. Once the product is delivered, it is then passed on to the testing team to ensure that the final product is as per the business artifacts and there are no issues encountered. Accenture is highly formalized organization, where each project while operative on a clients requirement has to adhere to the policies, procedures and norms set by Accenture as well as the clients. This is one of the key approaches to gain the clients trust. Since project music directors grant the authority to take decision related to their respective projects, we can call Accenture as highly centralized organization.3. Organizational CultureCulture is engraft and reflected in every aspect of an organization. As stated by Ravasi, D., Schultz, M. (2006), organizational subtlety is a lay down of shared intellectual assumptions, which behave understanding and action in an organization by defining adapted behavior for diverse situations. Figure 3.1 is a three-layer model for organizational flori cultivation developed by Edgar Schein (2004).Figure 3.1 Scheins three levels of culture Source (Bohine, Markham, 2003) Insight on Accentures Culture 1. Scheins three levels of Culture a) The first level i.e. Observable level is the to the highest degree visible layer. Table 3.1 highlights hardly a(prenominal) of the Surface manifestation of culture at Accenture Manifestation Ceremonials frame Norms Slogan Symbol Accenture Fun Fridays, sporting events, monthly birthday celebrations, hindquartersly apportions Greenfield training for the new employees wh ere the number of days varies from 1 week to 6 weeks depending on the employees Code of Business conduct led by eight-fold policies High Performance DeliveredAccenture has six marrow squash values (Accenture warmness Values) Stewardship Fulfilling our tariff of mental synthesis a better, stronger and more durable company for future generations, protect the Accenture brand, meeting our commitments to stakeholders, acting with an owner mentality, developing our population and helping better communities and the global environment Best People Attracting, developing and retaining the best genius for our business, challenging our people, demonstrating a can-do attitude and education a cooperative and mutually supportive environment Client Value Creation alter clients to become high-performance businesses and creating long-term relationships by being responsive and applicable and by consistently delivering value.One Global Network Leveraging the violence of global insight, rel ationships, collaboration and learning to deliver exceptional service to clients wheresoever they do business Respect for Individual Valuing diversity and unique components, fostering a trusting, open, and inclusive environment and treating each somebody in a manner that reflects Accentures values. Integrity Being ethically unyielding and good and inspiring trust by saying what we mean, matching our behaviors to our words and fetching responsibility for our actionsRewards and Recognition in Accenture Accenture has various ways of acknowledging an employees contribution towards achieving the High Quality work. In addition to promotion, few of the awards given by Accenture (specific to solutions humans) are ACE Award Accenture Celebrates Excellence is an award given on quarterly basis to the employees who show outstanding performance during a quarter in their respective industrial groups. The nominations for these awards are forwarded by the project manager along with the citatio n to unspoiltify the nominations. Innovator for the quarter This category of award is held at different project levels and is awarded to an individual or group of people who have innovated something to either add value to the client or helped in increasing automated work to save on efforts.Star of the month This category of award is likewise held at project level where the work of an employee performing extraordinary is acknowledged. Propel Awards This category of award is held at industrial group level where the employees are awarded against different criterias e.g. Adding Value to Client, Organizing quality work and anticipating critical situations etc. Celebrating Performance Celebrating performance is a mother fucker through which Team leads and above acknowledges the work of an individual by natural endowment them some points. These points can be redeemed via a shopping catalogue holding a range of different things.c) The third level i.e. radical assumption is invisib le layer. It is the perception held by individuals concerning human behavior. As mentioned earlier, this cannot be seen but felt by the individuals and hence is difficult to be exposit in words for any organization.2. On analyzing Accenture based on different Cultural framework and Cultural typologies it can be said that Accenture waterfall into Role culture and Communal culture. The justification for this goes below Accenture is very much(prenominal) driven by its policies, procedures, and rules, which makes it high on formalization aspect. Figure 2.1 clearly shows the level of hierarchy that Accenture has. Managers at top of the hierarchy work as per their roles and specializations that make Accenture a highly centralized organization and hence move it into a Role culture. However, if we deep dive to the lowest variant i.e. the Projects, the task to be achieved is allocated at the Managerial level and is then cascaded down to different team members based on their expertise.T he aim of the team is to ensure the task is delivered on time and with a high quality. For example, in my projects, there were clock when a task demanding high expertise on specific domain were assigned to the senior programmers instead of the team leads. This clearly displays that the project division is on to the Task culture i.e. high formalization, low centralization where people are acknowledged based on their expertise and not just position. Accenture has very strict entry criteria and employees who suit the working environment are selected.Once the employees are in the company, another level of assessment happens to tote up the skills to identify which project who the employee be best suited for. During an initial variety in the project, the employees are giving an intensive training about the core values of Accenture as well as the client that they are working for. The roles and goals for each individual are made clear right from the beginning and each employee is expect ed to have a degree of flexibility to drop the roles as and when required. All these characteristics make Accenture falls into the category of Communal culture i.e. High Sociability and high solidarity.4. leadingWalt Disney said, You can inhalation, create, design, and build the near wonderful place in the world, but it requires people to make the dream a reality (Disney, 2011) Accenture groups skills, competencies, and personality traits of effective leaders into three lively pillars (Accenture Leadership) Visionary Evangelist- They see possibilities and inspire others with their vision they know where the company is headed and what its customers will value in the future. Relationship Builder-They enlist the support and capabilities of others by building loyalty, motivating and engaging. Manager of Execution- They provide structure, discipline and a sense of priorities to circumvent things done. Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard (1998) described the concept of situational leaders hip. Situational leadership is an approach of identifying the most effective way of motivating, directing, and supporting employees to get the work done. Whether it is the leaders at the top of hierarchy (CEO) or the leaders at the lowest division (project managers), leadership style in Accenture varies depending upon the situation.Figure 4.1 Situational Leadership Model (Source Davidmerzel, 2012) How Leadership style works in Accenture When an employee is new to a project or the organization, it is ensured that a counselor and a supervisory program are assigned to him. It is supervisors responsibility to ensure that the employee understand the norms and the working culture of the project and Councilor helps the employee with the career aspirations and issues (if any) faced by him while working in the project.In other words, it can be said that supervisor acts as the baby carriage and councilor supports the employee at the same time. Supervisor and the Councilor are not the same pe rson and it is the councilor who remains the same throughout the journey in Accenture where as supervisors prevent of changing as when an employee progresses. Once an employee displays the ability and the skills required to tasks assigned (i.e. loosely at Analyst Programmer level), the work is then delegated where very few directions and support are required. At no point in Accenture, you would pay off a leader portraying the directive leadership. Support and mentoring is always provided until an employee is unfastened to work on his own.5. SynopsisAccenture is an organization on the move, one that is prosecute in a good range of projects in various fixs. Its culture varies from one extreme to another depending on the client and the geographical location of the office in which one reside. Employees, working at the client site, peculiarly for extended periods, find themselves following clients culture as well as Accentures. It has a youthful environment that helps in do contac ts, which lasts as an employee moves from project to project. In spite of the youthful, work-hard/play-hard atmosphere, employees strictly adhere to Accentures high standards, which require dedication and discipline on behalf of the employees.People at Accenture genuinely respect and admire each other. Willingness to help others and strong social skills are more common that being self-centered. This can be easily seen by the prompt responses of peers in different cities and countries towards any technical interview being raised at the companys portal. To summaries, Accenture surely is a strong cultured and centralized organization where the core values of the organization and clients both are kept in sound judgment and at the same time its ensured that employees professional aspirations are also met. I would definitely say a great place to work6. References(Arranged alphabetically) 1. Accenture, 2012 About Accenture Available at http//www.accenture.com/gb-en/company/Pages/index. aspx Accessed on 26th October 2012 2. Accenture Core Values Living Accentures Core Values online Available at http//careers.accenture.com/gben/working/overview/values/Pages/index.aspx Accessed on 26th October 2012 3. Accenture Facts,2012 Q4 Fiscal 2012 Available at http//newsroom.accenture.com/fact+sheet/ Accessed on 26th October 2012 4. Accenture Leadership Why Leadership and Culture Matters online Available at http//www.accenture.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/PDF/Accenture_Why_Leadership_and _Culture_Matter.pdf Accessed on 27th October 2012 5. Accenture Logo Accenture UK exceptional online Available at http//www.enterprisemanagement360.com/company/accenture-uk-l imited/.UIqNsm_Mjsw Accessed on 26th October 2012 6. Bohine, Markham, 2003

Agriculture and Industrialisation

The topic of market-gardening and its role in industrial and urban training has long been canvass by economic theoreticians. According to Nam, Dang and Hainsworth (2000), there are three cardinal theoretical schools that sop up been particularly influential after World fight II, and which differ considerably in the flairs by which each presents the kind between cultivation and industry, in regards to the process of industrial enterprise.These are the role of market-gardening in industrialisation, big leap into industrialisation and urbanisation, and proportionate links in the development process (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http//www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).In 1965, John Mellor and Bruce Johnston reported that a successful artless welkin is an important element in the industrial development and rapid growth rate of a nations economy. According to Johnston and Mellor, the five key roles of agriculture areto supply low-cost foodstuffs and raw cl oths for the urban/industrial sectorto export farm products to befool foreign exchange which could be used to finance technological and material imports for urban and industrial developmentto release labour to depart the sketch force for the industrial sectorto expand the domestic market for industrial products andto increase domestic savings to be used to finance industrial expansion (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http//www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).Also in 1965, Simon Kuznets verified the role of agriculture in industrialisation by way of commercial transactions.According to Kuznets, the agricultural sector supplies other sectors indoors and outside the body politic with products such as foodstuffs, industrial raw materials, labour, capital, and markets that are necessary for industrialisation (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http//www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).But despite the fact that these authors emphasised the importance of agriculture , their hypotheses also highlighted the need for a restructuring of the national economy, decreasing the share of the agricultural sector in the GDP (gross domestic product) and in the pasture force, and boosting the industrial sectors.Developmental strategies were ordinarily geared towards the maximum utilisation of agricultural resources to augment industrialisation and urban expansion. In the matter of utilising agriculture to support industrialisation, the existing theories were unable to provide insight into how this can be made possible.La Grande Encyclopedie Francaise stated in 1986 that The industrial revolution is accompanied by a general urbanisation and the step-by-step death of rural civilisation (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http//www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).In 1992, Hainworth observed that the conventional economic theories of the West, as established from the development of the UK and other European nations as well as the rapid industrialisat ion of North America, often places the agricultural sector in the position of Cinderella or slave to the indulgent ugly stepsister demands of industrialisation.In W.W. Rostows The Stages of Economic Growth, the author affirms that Hesperian countries have achieved such advanced stages of development that their experience should be emulated by other countries.According to Rostow, the growth of an agricultural sector in an industrialising setting should be carried out concurrently based on four approaches economic, spatial, sociopolitical, and cultural industrialisation, urbanisation, internationalization, and Westernisation (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http//www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).Somewhat akin to this viewpoint are the opinions of several Western theorists in A Future for European Agriculture. Their theories tended to downplay the role of agriculture in industrialisation. According to them, the agricultural sector in Europe is mainly geared only toward s the production of food.Thus, on the road to industrialisation, the only way to preserve economic growth is to considerably trim down the agricultural pop off force. As a rule, an impartial cutback on the agricultural work force and an augmenting of the industrial and urban-services labour force are expected trends in countries undergoing the process of industrialisation.Nevertheless, it is also important to remember the aforementioned key roles of agriculture. some other vital aspect not to be forgotten is that a country cannot merely make a big leap from being in general agricultural into instantly becoming industrialised.There are stages between the two that simply cannot be bypassed, as evidenced by the experiences of exploitation countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Owing to lack of consideration for the agricultural sectors, there have been instances where the minus ramifications of rapid industrialisation have been felt in some countries.In accredited African , Asian, and Latin American nations, the consequences of making a leap towards industrialisation have included widespread shortages in foodstuffs, sudden migrations into urban centres that have direct to poverty and overpopulation, and abrupt scarcities in the necessary products for industrialisation.British economist E.F. Schumacher, in his 1973 publication Small is Beautiful, stated that for true economic development to be attained, an totally new system of thought is needed, a system based on attention to people, and not primarily attention to goods (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http//www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).He postulated that sufficient attention on the agricultural sector must be paid, especially in developing countries where the majority of the economy is dependent on agriculture and where the bulk of the work force is in the agricultural profession.

Montana 1948 Essay

The story of Montana 1948 tells of a certain struggle which the Hayden family experiences. Larry Watson exercisings several(predicate) techniques and language to channelise ideas to the highest degree how powerful the Hayden family is, especially the grandfather Julian and how he alone can do pretty much as he pleases. The story is t honest-to-god from the perspective of a twelve course old boy David. However, it is written many years later which gives the reader a bigger insight into Davids view of what went on. Many themes argon brocaded end-to-end the novel and many techniques ar used to move antithetical ideas just about certain events which are portrayed in the text, one of these world racial discrimination.Racism is one of the main themes which is portrayed in the text and is the really reason behind all that happens to the Hayden family throughout the whole ordeal. There are alike many different ways in which racism is portrayed throughout the text, some of the c haracters are for it while others are against it. Watson uses characterisation to convey different ideas throughout the text about racism. He shows how the characters feel about racism, an example is when Julian and Wes are talking about blackguards treatment of the Indian women, it is when Wes take notes out that Julian has known all along about what Frank does to his patients.Julian says You know Franks unceasingly been partial to red meat. This is a realisation for both the reader and Wes because they find out that Julian shares exactly the same view of the Indian deal as his son, thinking of them as animals. Racism is also portrayed in other ways throughout the text. Wes never directly says that he hates the Indian plurality, but he a lot hints at the fact that he doesnt full approve of them. Nevertheless, he believed Indians, with only a few exceptions, were ignorant, lazy, irrational and irresponsible.Although these words are not as direct or acrimonious and Wes doesn t treat them nearly as bad as Julian and Frank, it is still an indication that Wes is partially racist towards the Indians. Another idea which Watson uses throughout the text to convey the idea of Racism is how Marie Little Soldier acts when Frank goes to the Haydens contribute to treat her when she is sick. She becomes terrified and demands that someone be in the room with her when Frank is there. This behaviour represents how all of the Indian women would have tangle either in the lead or after Frank visited them.It is Maries misgiving alone that informs the reader of how little respect Frank has for the Indians and gives a put one over picture of how racist he is towards them. Furthermore, Watson uses other characters to give evidence of racism throughout the story. Julian and Frank both think very mean of the Indians and these characteristics lead them to making actions and decisions which are racist. This is to the highest degree evident with Frank because the actions he takes are the worst, he is the one commits the raping of the women when he supposed to be treating them as a professional.This racism is not displayed just by Frank however, it is the people around him who provide further evidence that there is racism in the story. Julian and Wes are good examples as they do not use the power which they hold to help resolve the situation or try on Justice. Julian has known about the crimes which Frank commits on his patients and does nothing about it because he thinks of the Indians in the same way, he believes that it is okay to treat them in that way just as Frank does. What the hell am I supposed to think? Screwing an Indian. Or feeling her up or whatever. You dont lock up a man for that.Wes also shows support for the racism because of how he deals with Frank and his crimes. Even though he is the Sherriff and it is his job to put Frank behind bars, he refuses to and instead locks him in the basement of his own house, Hell have to meet his punis hment in the hereafter. Watson also uses characters in the text who are against racism and do not engage in it. David and Gail are the two characters who represent this. They are both strongly against racism and discrimination, this is evident throughout the story and is often the result of conflictions and arguments between the fellow family members.David and Gail have this view because they are the most distant from Julian. Gail was married into the family and therefore had her own views about racism before she was subjected to Julians beliefs and David has grown up in a house where his Mum does not believe in racism and his Dad flora for the law and therefore knows what is right and wrong. It is because of this that Wes is always stuck in the middle, because he is forever and a day listening to both sides of the argument and this is why he is forced to invert Frank but never puts him in jail, because he never fully decides in what he believes in.From reading this text the read er gains a exact insight to the life of the Hayden family and the tough time which they go through. The reader is intercommunicate of what it was like living in Montana in 1948. From what the landscape looked like, to the companionable issues which took place such as racism and discrimination against certain groups of people. Watson uses the characters to convey the idea of racism between the white and Indian people. It is these characters techniques which gives the reader a perspective of what it was like through the eyes of a twelve year old boy.

Lee’s film & Brokeback Mountain

Ang Lees film, Brokeback Mountain, is mavin of passion, emotional struggle, heartache in relationships and unanswered questions in everyday life. Using a natural background knowledge and authentic attire he projects the tumultuous relationship of two cowboys in a rugged argona of Wyoming. The film poses various questions for the viewer, and how one is satisfactory to examine life, while fearing suspicion and choices, plagued with guilt and uncertainty.First of all, the main characters Jack flatus and Ennis Del Mar are stereotypical of Western gentlemen during the 1960s, on the outside. Ennis is a soft-spoken man with a chip on his shoulder, while Jack is a loud-mouth rodeo fiend. But, slowly, they find their way together, despite a time when homo gender was seen as a societal ill, particularly in rural America. We know this to be a taboo topic, because it is something that was not widely accepted in mainstream media introductory to the release of this film.Several themes throug hout the film apply to daily life, as we are able to analyze what drives individuals to difficult decisions. There is a thin delineate between love and obsession, and the basic human needs of affection, attention and natural selection all need to be nurtured. Communication is necessary, and divorce may be a result of a combination of lying, deceit and hiding ones true self (Rose & Urschel 2006). This also proves that the reality of a plight can either be found in a one-night stand, or an affair that lasts for decades.Brokeback Mountain allows the viewer a chance to reflect upon our avouch values of consequence, presenting a very real relationship. When we usher aside our feelings of sexuality between two men, we can understand this to be a universal romance story. This forces us to understand a new knowledge of a bond between humans that transcends gender and stigma, and that, while circumstances may be different for each individual, we are all ultimately var. for happiness an d love.This is a story that can be told to future generations to examine morality and life decisions. References Ossana, D. & Schamus, J. (Producers) & Lee, A. (Director). (2005). Brokeback mountain Motion Picture. United States Focus Features. Rose, J. & Urschel, J. (2006). Understanding the complexness of love in brokeback mountain an analysis of the film and short story. daybook of Mens Studies, 14(2), 247-251. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier.

Plato’s The Allegory of the Cave: The Experience of Reality Essay

The Allegory of the undermine In the Allegory of the Cave it is explain how honesty is different for everybody. non all of us have the same conceive of what reality is, close of us believe in what we see and that is the reality we know and the peerless we believe in. In this allegory we hear the story of prisoners who are set up in a cave just looking at a wall in front of them, behind them thither is a lift and between that fire and them thither is way, here is where people pass by and when this happens, the prisoners are competent to see their shadows and this, for them is the reality.Then a prisoner is freed, and he is allow to go out of the cave and see the real world, here is where they learn that the shadows are not at all the reality, they learn more things about the world and then he goes again into the cave to herald his friends but they dont believe this, because they only see him as a shadow and the stories they heard from him they are not even able to hear them .I believe that everybody has a different point of view of what reality is everybody has their own theory of how they see life and how they experience it. In my opinion I think that most people believe that reality is what they see and that there is nothing else beyond that, but of course there are people that believe there is something beyond than what we see.

Hero’s in Greek Literature Essay

In modern times the word milling machinery can be used to describe many different people. For example, a scientist that develops a cure for AIDs would be thought of to be heroic. Or perhaps one might deem teachers heroic for shaping the juvenility of tomorrow. Although these jobs are noble, they would not be deemed heroic by the Greeks. Todays definition of a hero is comparatively broad to that of which the Greeks would have considered the term of hero to describe. More accurately, a hero is person who puts themselves in a position of goal in order to earn a morally just cause. This inclination of self sacrifice is what makes a hero. In Greek literature, especially in poetry, there are several(prenominal) examples of heroes and heroines. I leave alone specifically discuss Achilles of Homers Iliad, as well as Antigone in Sophocles Antigone, and why their character is of heroic stature.In early Greek literature, such as Homers Iliad, a hero was more parallel to the concept of a warrior. In hold in I of The Iliad, Achilles is not just portrayed as a warrior, and is in fact introduced as godlike (Homer, 107). Achilles is an exemplum of one of the defining characteristics of heroical poems in that he possesses godlike qualities, such as superhuman strength. In epic poems, the intervention and presence of the Greek gods is a persisting trait. Achilles is born(p) of both deadly and immortal persons, his father a militant mortal Peleus and his mother the sea nymph Thetis. Due to these qualities and over the course of the poem, Achilles proves himself to be the most capable warrior of all.Moreover, Achilles also proves himself a hero by surmising to the idea of self sacrifice. It has always been known that if Achilles kills Hector during the Greek and Trojan War, he impart at some point be put to death by the gods. As described in book IX, My mother Thetis, a moving silver grace, tells me two fates sweep me on my death. If I bank check here and fight, Ill never return home, but my glory will be undying forever. If I return home my glory is baffled but my life will be long, (Homer, 141). Therefore Achilles does have the resource of going home and living a long life. However, it is the death of Patroclus, Achilles beaver friend, that sways him to fight even though a sure death will come. This choice is namely why Achilles is a hero.Another primeval news report to a Greek hero is that he is unable to be destroyed by any other man and therefore a central theme of self- destructiveness exists (Whitman).

Is Bigger Always Better? Essay

For centuries, a plump figure was considered attractive in both(prenominal) men and women. Full figures suggested a life of ease and luxury. Still today, fryren argon taught that an older man in a red suit with a rounded midsection is jolly and approachable. Some whitethorn plain carry that a little pad around the belly is not much(prenominal) a notional thing. Sadly, far too many another(prenominal) commonwealth leave more(prenominal) than a little. obesity has become a worldwide pestiferous that affects individuals psychologically, socially, economically, and physically. corpulency can healthyly affect an individual psychologically and socially. and as prejudices against race, sex, and religion are common all across the world, so is prejudice against heavy people. The AORN Journal states that obese individuals often are considered inert overeaters without will power or motivation are slothful, have pitiful personal eating and exercise habits, are of limited i ntelligence, and lack self-control (Shortt). Such prejudices have even been seen in physicians who are fleshiness specialists. agree to a study found in psychological science Today, some physicians associated fat people with laziness and stupidity and connected them to words like bad or chargeless (Allen). The fact that healthcare professionals have such strong biases reinforces how widespread the stigma of corpulency is in our society (Allen). Unfortunately, prejudice and contrariety carries on into everyday life for the obese individual. Economic hardship may ensue. Employment opportunities may be affected. Employers often presume that people who are obese are lazy and have poor work habits (Allen). This misconception results in job opportunities being denied or limited to the obese. Employers also want their companies to be perceived as young, dynamic, and energetic so they avoid putting people who are obese in visible positions, erroneously believing that the obese perso n will not be quick or spay to the publics needs (Allen).Although employment opportunities may decrease, expenses related to obesity are on the rise. Clothes and shoes cost more because the items may have to be especially made and ordered. Medical bills for associated health problems bring d experience to pile up. Finding a seat to fit in becomes an added difficulty. For example, many airlines are now requiring obese individuals to purchase two seats to keep their wider size. Added expenses pose a serious dilemma, since income rates are cut back and pauperization rates are higher in families with obese members (Raman). Emotional suffering, however, may be one of the most painful effects of obesity. Society subtly teaches that attraction equals thin. The pressure from peers does not help either. Obese individuals, especially children and adolescents, are often subjected to endless teasing and ridicule. It is of little wonder that not so thin men and women think of themselves as fat and unattractive. These individuals may sidetrack to believe the prejudices about them are true. Such feelings of low self worth lead to impression in many individuals.Thus, depression is often linked to obesity. Concerning children, and term in Psychology Today states, The longer a child is over weight, the more he or she is at peril for depression and other mental disorders (Lawson). Without intervention, these problems can carry on into adulthood. Obese children and adults are at essay for serious emotional problems. The Merck manual of Diagnosis and Therapy states, Problems entangle disparagement of system image, a condition in which persons feel that their body is grotesque and loathsome. They believe that others view them with hostility and contempt, which makes them self-conscious and impairs social cognitive process (Beers 60). Sadly, these emotional problems may affect personal achievements and relationships. According to the Journal of the American College of Nutrition, then umber of years of education and marriage rates were lower among women who were obese in childhood and adolescence (Raman). While the psychological, social, and emotional effects of obesity are significant, the physical effects of obesity are far more profound. In fact, the physical effects of obesity are life-threatening. According to the AORN Journal, a person who is 40% overweight is twice as likely to go away prematurely as a person of average weight (Shortt). The article continues by stating, In 2000, obesity callable to poor diet and inactiveness cause 16% of all deaths (ie, 400,000), making it the number-two killer after baccy use (ie, 435,000 deaths) (Shortt). Obese individuals are at an increased risk for many chronic medical conditions. The AORN Journal lists eccentric 2 diabetes, effect disease, stroke, hypertension, catch some Zs apnea, osteoarthritis, and some forms of cancer as conditions related to obesity (Shortt). Concerning the increased risk of cancer, Brunner and Suddarths Textbook of Medical- surgical Nursing states, obesity is associated with endometrial cancer and by chance postmenopausal breast cancers. Obesity may also increase the risk for cancers of the colon, kidney, and gall bladder (Smeltzer 321).The text also correlates obesity and back injuries due to increased stress in the relatively weak back muscles (2051). several(prenominal) other physical effects of obesity are noted in the Merck Manual of diagnosis and Therapy including orthopedic disturbances of weight-bearing and non-weight bearing joints. The text also states, cutis disorders are particularly common increased sweat and skin secretions, pin down in thick folds of skin, produce a culture medium contributory to fungal and bacterial growth and infections (Beers 60). Everyday tasks become a charge up to the obese. Climbing a set of stairs, walking to the mailbox, tying shoelaces, and playing with their own children are all considered strenuous ac tivities. The onset of shortness of breath, increased heart rate and blood pressure, seating, and fatigue quickly bring any type of physical activity to an end. The increased stress to the heart due to obesity can eventually lead to chronic heart failure and even death. The expression bigger is better is true for many things. Weight is not one of them. As waistbands continue to expand, human lives are being endangered. Obesity is a worldwide crisis that brings long-term psychological, social, emotional, and physical effects. A closer look at obesity proves that bigger is not always better.Works CitedAllen, Colin. Obesity Doctors Are Weight Biased. Psychology Today. 29 Sept 2003.Beers, Mark and Robert Berkow. The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. 17th ed. West Point Merck, 1999.Lawson, Willow. The Obesity Depression Link. Psychology Today. 27 May 2003.Raman, Rita. Obesity and Heatlh Risks. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 21 (2002).Shortt, Janet. Obesity A Public Dilemma. AORN Journal. Dec 2004.Smeltzer, Suzanne and Brenda Bare. Brunner & Suddarths Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing. 10th ed. Philadelphia Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004.

Comparing Poems From Other Cultures Essay

In these some(prenominal) poems, identity element is seen to be important, for in half(prenominal)-caste the author is trying to seek bankers acceptance from others around him for who he is as a person, but in count for my tongue the author is losing her identity and is seeking encourage in determination out who she as a person. Half-caste portrays whatever 1 who feels that concourse label others without acute them as people first, and how much it can hurt them. For John Agard says relieve y intentionlf, wha you mean, when yu say half caste.This shows that he is conf utilize about how he portrays himself to others, and how others perceive him. This make you think that the agency in people perceives you on first app pinnuleance makes you who you atomic number 18.Search for my tongue is like a visit out to others to help with her lost get down tongue, and she doesnt k straightway what her identity is because she is confused about which language is her. It also shows how people dont understand how she feels or understand what she is going through with her struggle with the deuce languages that she uses. For it saysYou ask me what I mean by saying I halt lost my tongue. This shows that she feels isolated from others as they do not understand the infixed struggle she is going through having to lose her professional identity her mother tongue to a new identity, a foreign tongue.In half-caste, the tone up is quite angry and harsh. I feel that the tone is displayed in this way because he is angry with others for judging him for being mixed race, and the prejudices that everybody has towards others. For level though in the poem it just confronts the prejudice at half-caste people, there is forever prejudice towards everybody, not just half-caste people. So in this poem he is ch whollyenging the fact that prejudice is wrong and unfair, and hurts people because they be being judged onward people know them fittingly as a person. most of this ag gressive confrontational work is evident by the lineSo spiteful dem dont want de sun pass.This shows that prejudice people are so spiteful that they dont think half-caste should be able to walk past them in the street. This shows that people can be severely hurt by a label, and that because of the way peoples minds have been brought up, they accept they are superior to so called half-castes, and believe the half-castes not worthy liberal to even walk the same streets as the superior people.In search, the tone is quite confused and lonely, and is unsure of who she is as a person. For her original identity was gujarati, but having had convert to a foreign language she feels that she has lost her original identity, and has been forced to take on a disparate identity because of the different language she has to communicate to others in the place she lives in now. For she saysYou could not use them both, even if you thought that way.This shows that she feels she is losing her sense of identity, and feels she has to choose between the manner she lives now and her original identity. She feels that the new language is pushing the other one away, and ascendant her life so much that she forgets how her life used to be before it was controlled by the foreign language.In half-caste Agard rejects the conventional punctuation, for there isnt a single comma or full stop in the tout ensemble of the poem.Also, he misspells half of the words in his poem purposely to help get his message across to the reader. The lack of punctuation and misspelling is all for the purpose of the poem. As people think that he is half-caste, they believe him to be incapable of any proper thoughts, feelings or being capable to prepare something that could make an impact on somebody elses life. It is also used to strike the audience hard with his message of how everybody is equal no proposition what their ethnic telescope is. For he saysWid de whole of yu eye an de whole of yu ear an the who le of yu mind.This shows that he feels that those who mock him are the whole who considered themselves to be spotless and have no faults of their own, and are known to be the superior race. It shows that he knows that they like downgrading him by saying hes half-caste, and has only half a mind, showing that they think he is incapable of proper thoughts, or proper feelings.In Search, the punctuation is consistent, but the poem body structure is always different. The line lengths are all different, and there are no stanzas to separate the poem out it is all just one spacious stanza. In Half-caste, there is 3 stanzas of various lengths, to help get the signification of the poem across better to the audience and the poems lines are all of kindred lengths, to keep it sharp and continuous.The layout of search, with its punctuation and line lengths shows that she is trying to find some consistency in her life she is trying to find what she knows in life to find in the end that she ca n, in her dreams. The fact that she also includes both position and Gujarati in her poem shows that even though she does use the English language, Gujarati is still an important part of her life, as it makes up part of who she is as a person. For she saysEverytime I think Ive forgottenit blossoms out of my mouth.This shows that even if she forgets, or is so used to using the foreign language, she cannot forget her indigenous language even if she tried. This is because it has been a part of her culture and identity for so long, she cannot part from it, no matter what she is faced with or what ever happens to her.So the identity that is portrayed in half-caste is no matter what ethnic background you come from, no matter what you look like as an individual, we are all equal human beings and all deserve the right to be able to live our lives to the full.The identity that is portrayed in search is one that suggests that you cannot lose who you are as a person, no matter what you are fa ced with, even if you have to change your language or decease somewhere else, you cannot change who you truly are as a person.

Pre 1914 Poetry William Blake Essay

These poems Holy atomic number 90 (experience) and Holy Thursday (innocence) be curry on Ascension Day in a service in St. Pauls church. This was a special occasion for the orphans who came from London kind-heartedness Schools.The Holy Thursday (innocence) poem can be interpreted in ii different ways. The impression we get at first is that the orphans be treated well and they lead happy lives but after recital Holy Thursday (experience) you start to realise that there is a prohibit way of understanding the same poem. This view shows the orphans to be mistreated and genuinely unhappy.The phrase their indigent faces brush suggests children that argon creation well looked after rather than being abandoned and roaming the streets of London. there is a suggestion that the children w ar companions, are well behaved and have a sense of order by the line the children walking two by two This is further added to by the phrase In red, dark-skinned and green which implies that they were dressed in bright, clear-sighted uniforms rather than rags.The children have angelic guardians to nurture and protect them, as implied by the lines Grey-headed beadles walked before who have wands are described as clean-living as snow which makes us feel that these are enchanted guardians who are pure and magical. Another phrase that adds to this is the sentence Wise guardians to the poor. There is further reference to the good work that the guardians are doing when William Blake uses the terminal Multitudes of lambs implying the guardians are shepherding and guiding devoid creatures. The thought process of lambs conjures up the image of animals all sort unitedly making sure that they are all safe.The orphans are referred to as flowers in the second divide, implying delicate, natural and beautiful. Flowers signify peace implying that the children are good-natured. pose in companies they sit like good well-behaved pupils in a school, to say their nature is calm and pe aceful rather than loud and rowdy.Their god-fearing nature is implied by the words raising their innocent hands belike referring to prayer as they are hopeful and eager.In the last paragraph William Blake is saying the children en exuberate going to church, praying and singing hymns as like a mighty cheat on they raise to heaven the sound of metrical composition.Overall the poem has a lively rhythm with pace to give it a beat and fluidity. flat I am going to analyse Holy Thursday (experience) poem. In the first stanza Blake describes England as a country which is well-heeled and fruitful. This would start to be his own experience of life in England but this parameter can be interpreted in different ways. Blake could have meant that England is rich in that there is fruit and food but it is poor because of the sum of orphans. He uses holy to infer that England is a Christian Country and asks wherefore babies should be reduced to ruin and fed and looked after by masses who d ont care for them Cold and usurious hand?.In the second stanza he asks three rhetorical questions. We know the trembling exclaim isnt a song and that whatever is crying is probably altogether and whitethornbe crying out for help.Can it be a song of joy?Perhaps it could be a song of joy for the favoured a couple of(prenominal) who live in the rich and fruitful land but for the m any poor children roaming the streets of London it isnt. It is a land of poverty. In the precedent poem Holy Thursday (innocence) he says that the children raise to heaven the voice of song. He obviously believes that songs can lift a centre and in Holy Thursday (experience) it hurts him, that there are no songs of joy going heavenwards form children who are so pure. Normally to invite how rich a country a country is you measure the come up of wealth the country but here Blake is measuring the happiness by asking if their singing which is usually a sign of happiness from children.The ternary stanza d escribes their happiness in terms of the climate. Their lives are like a holding where thesun does neer shine.And their fields are bleak and bare.In the terce line he contrasts their journey through life with that of Christs crown of thorns. The image that this reflects is of a painful way through life. And the neighboring line is echoed in a later work by C.S Lewis who uses the term eternal winter to mean a place, like Siberia, that is unbearably execrable and where happiness does not exist. This metaphor makes us aware that there is never any joy of warmth in their lives and that emotionally they are on the whole bereft and emotionally starved of love.In the last paragraph he again refers to the environment and the weather to describe a situation where everything would be all right and Babe cam never hunger there. This completely fails to show the real reason why those children are poor. Rain and self-restraint wont get them out of the grinding poverty that they are in. It is simply used as a metaphor to change the childrens situation from eternal winter to dry warm summer in which they would appear to be happy. Throughout the poem there is a need of colour and description so it is difficult to conjure up any image other than of a grey bleak landscape, where grey passel and grey children exist in a society that doesnt appraise them. In Holy Thursday (innocence) he uses descriptive words such as clean, two by two, red, blue, green and as white as snow to conjure up a picture of London that is quite different. Blake similarly appears to be contend the church in other poems for its splendour and wealth but in like manner its lack of humanity and awareness of the multitudes of lambs which could be led to the slaughter and misery of poverty.Reading the Holy Thursday (experience) makes you reconsider the poem Holy Thursday (innocence) and its approach. In a negative this is my interpretation.In the first stanza it is implied that the thousands of orp hans are being do to scrub their faces clean so much that it hurts. This cleanliness of the children is only a faade to give a good impression when the phrase their innocent faces clean appears. This implies that the children are disciplined and regimented. This makes a good impression on the carers. This is alike show in red and blue and green because it shows that they are being made to wear a uniform. Being forced to wear uniforms office that the orphans also lose their individuality.Grey-headed beadles walked before could show that these carers are bighearted people who order the children around and make them walk two and two like in the multitude. This also implies that these bad people are narcissistic because they only look after themselves and they might only be flavor after the children for extra money. These armed services officers have canes to beat the children with as it says with wands as white as snow. This idea of the children being part of a military force is backed up by the quote seated in companies they sit. Because the army is sectioned off into companies, they stand in a genuine order and they are very obedient.These flowers of London town implies that the children are innocent and pure but like flowers they will eventually die. Flowers are also vulnerable and easily ruined. The comparison between the groups of children and the multitudes of lambs implies that the orphans like the lamps, group together like pure innocent creatures. The image of the lamb also stands for the idea of vulnerability and sacrifice. Like the lambs the orphans are forced to do what the carers tell them to do, and may face an early death as victims of a cruel world. Thousands of dinky boys and girls suggests that there are any poor orphans who are homeless. This shows that there is a large scale of poverty. The orphans plead for help by raising their innocent hands.Like a mighty windvoice of song implies that the wind is like a destructive hurricane ready to sweep their lives away. Ironically the wise guardians of the poor are there to look after the orphans for the money and are not concerned about the orphans at all.The rhythm of the poem in this negative view is a like a strict military march.

12 Angry Men †Critical Thinkers Essay

In cardinal smouldering Men, a young man is on run for stabbing and killing his catch. The movie focuses on twelve at random selected citizens who are assigned the duty of determining the fate of this 19 division grey-haired man. The jury is supposed to examine certain facts and determine the virtue based solely on the evidence presented to them in court. It is assumed that the jury cleaning womans entrust judge fairly and without per passwordal bias. Basically, the jurymans need to use life-sustaining idea during this trial to radiation diagram out what evidence is factual and what evidence is false. end-to-end the film, some jurywomans were better at comminuted mentation than others, some had parapets to curb forward they could use good critical thinking skills, and yet others became critical thinkers at different points during the movie. Critical thinking compete a cite role in Twelve Angry Men. In order to be able to think outside the box, one must possess the baron to think unbiaslly, non bring personal issues into play, not be panic-struck to put the ideas and precariousnesss on the table, and to be level headed.The juror who possessed these skills the ruff and applied them better than his eleven other companions was juror number 8, played by Henry Fonda. At the beginning of the movie, juror 8 was the entirely one to vote not guilty on the first vote. Fondas section plainly stated Its not easy for me to try my hand and send a boy to die without talking some it first. This shows that he wanted to examine all the evidence and facts before coming to his decision. As the movie went on, juror 8 kept make up questions like could it be possible and could he be wrong to prompt others that about reasonable doubt. Then Fondas role helped find holes in two key slicings of evidence, one being the knife used in the murder. The switchblade knife was supposed to one of a kind, notwithstanding juror 8 takes a knife out of his pocket a nd jams it into the table near to the knife that was used in the murder. The knives were identical and Fondas character explains that he bought it in the same neighborhood. The second piece of evidence juror 8 found reasonable doubt in was the old mans testimony. The old claims he heard the killer yell I m gonna kill you, a second later he heard the fathers body fall and he saw the boy rivulet out of the house fifteen seconds subsequently. Juror 8 decided to act out the scene, paying attention to detail my dragging his foot like the old man, as well as, measuring the distance so that it was accurate.Fondas character proved the old mans story was false because it took cardinal seconds. Juror 8 payed attention to details, analyzed every detail, put excursion his biases, and out-of-doorsed the eyes of the other jurors, this is why he was a keen critical thinker. Although there were some good critical thinkers in Twelve Angry Men, there were a few jurors who scarcely couldnt ma rk outside the box until it was almost too late. Juror 10 bring downmed to be the most close minded of all his peers, resulting in bad critical thinking. There were instances where this character stereotyped the defendant racially by maxim those people,them, they are born liars and they do not value pitying life. Juror 10 also referred to calling the boy unspiritual and a slob. This juror not only treated the defendant poorly, but his behavior towards his companions was ignorant. Juror 10 was sarcastic, insensitive, lacking morals, holding grudges, and a crummy mouth. For instance, juror 10 sarcastically says youre a smart checkmate arent you? to juror 8 in response to a piece of evidence that had been shredded. All of these characteristics are ones that cloud the mind and do not allow common sense or critical thinking to arrange into play. There were three individuals that held so much grudhe, anger and aggression that it prevented them from thinking critically.One of these peers was juror 3. He claimed that the defendant was certainly guilty and his reasons for thinking this was completely prejudice. He brought apprehensions of anger, resentment and revenge into the jury because his own son left him. For this he thinks and blames all young folks. Another jury who was a bad critical thinker is number 2. He tends to follow the group and feels like its an open and closed case. He doesnt want to see the facts as they are nor does he want to listen to what anyone says. The last juror who bad at thinking critically was 6. Though he gave juror 8 a chance, the reason was because he was too narrow headed to figure out the evidence wase. He couldnt connect any of the dots nor did he speak up very much in the discussion. Twelve Angry Men had good examples of how the average person uses critical thinking, which is while the sour of conversion is occurring? For some reason the light bulb dings on after we listen to others explain their thoughts. Jurors 9, 11 an d 7 were like most of us. During the trial juror 9 kept suffrage guilty until Fondas character started talking about the old mans character and the womans eyesight.He voted not guilty after he thought about the old mans character being alone, neer had recognition in life for anything, and he wanted some so the old man lied. Juror 9 had to overcome his own cognizance of himself being old and not really needed for much in order to be a critical thinker and realize his opinions sum up too. Like juror 9, juror 7 had to overcome his preoccupation of breathing out to a Yankees game. Throughout the film, he kept voting guilty and then after he heard jurors 8 and 10 talk about how the woman wore glasses and she didnt have them on when she saw the murder. When this happened, juror 7 realized that there was reasonable doubt in the case. This only happens after he voted not guilty just to get to the ball game and Fondas character asks him why, which then makes 7 pay attention and think. Ju ror 11 was an immigrant who was scared and easily swayed by his peers.He had the obstacle of trying to stand up for himself, understand his interpretive program counts and that his mind works just like others. Juror 11 conquered this obstacle when juror 8 was talking about the wound, he realized that the mortal taller would have had to been the killer. He also explained to the others that a switchblade is use in an upward motion. Once these characters got over their obstacles, their critical thinking skills helped open holes in the case. All in all, Twelve Angry Men was a broad learning tool to what critical thinking is and how to apply. This film taught me that you have to feeler decisions in a certain manner. I need to keep an open mind, be level-headed, express my opinions and not judge others. Thinking critically implies that originator power of yours and your peers is needed to get a better understanding of day-to-day life. Respecting others around you is key. In order to use critical thinking, one must know what it entails.

”As You Like It” by William Shakespeare Essay

Support the view that Shakespeare is examining several(predicate) kinds of drive in and marriage in this bunk?In the lam As You Like It there are quite a few varied types of hit the hay. There are four sexual relationships in the play, all of which buzz off different varieties, or examples of go to sleepThe main couple in the play are Rosalind and Orlando. They first meet in a wrestling refer that Orlando has been entered in against Charles. Rosalind nonices him for his good looks and youth, and because of this is concerned he will be hurt. Orlando wins the partake though and as a token Rosalind gives Orlando her necklace. Orlando instantly reachs in issue with Rosalind when he first sees her and is stuck for what to say to her,Can I not say, I thank you? My better parts are all impel down, and that which here stands up is nevertheless aQuintain, mere lifeless block.Rosalind hence runs off into the forest of Arden dressed as a human called Ganymede. Orlando in any ca se flees to the forest where he writes ridiculous love poems and posts them on trees for Rosalind to reckon. Rosalind, dressed as Ganymede, then becomes friends with Orlando and gives him advice on ways to go about asking her to attach him. She does this by pretending to be Rosalind while dressed as Ganymede. This is so Orlando does not recognise it is her. This can get quite confusing at times. She finally reveals to him that it has been her all along though and they get married p to each oney away.This is the first kind of love where both people love each other and no one else. This is the most simple love maculation in the poem because it has no complications of people loving other people, or them not being allowed to love each other.The couple that show the least(prenominal) romance throughout the play is Silvius and Phebe. Silvius is a kind-hearted shepherd who lives in the woodland of Arden. Phebe though is a rough shepherdess who finds Silvius annoying. The rationality for this is because Silvius is deeply in love with Phebe, and she has rejected him many times. Phebe just ignores him though and because of this Silvius keeps on asking her to love him, Sweet Phebe, do not scorn me, do not, Phebe.Say that you love me not, still say not so inBitterness.The lone(prenominal) person Phebe finds attractive in the play is Ganymede, who is actually Rosalind. She writes a earn to Ganymede asking him to marry her, and is rejected quite obviously. As a turn out of this Phebe is forced to marry Silvius in the end because she has no one else who likes her.I think the aspect of love that is showed her is a cruel side of love. The reason I think this is because Phebe is virtually forced to marry Silvius when she does not privation to. Silvius though is overjoyed because she is the love of his life and marrying her is his dream. This is unfair on Phebe though because she does not love him, but she has no one else so has to go along with it.Celia and Oliver ar e the most surprising couple in the play I think. This is because they meet actually close to the end of the play, and instantly fall in love with each other. Another reason for this is that Celia is a actually kind, likeable woman throughout the play. Oliver on the other hand changes his personality. At the beginning of the play he is a very nasty man who says he hates his brother because of his good looks and his ability to be liked by everyone he meets. His personality changes though when he is sent into the forest to find his brother, Orlando, by Duke Frederick. He finds Orlando and then he meets Celia, who he instantly go in love with. He then makes the story up of deliver his brother from a lion and his personality completely changes.Twas I, but tis not I. I do not shame to tell youWhat I was, since my regeneration so dulcetly tastes,Being the thing I am.He turns into the complete opposite of his old personality, and becomes very nice. This also attracts Celia to him, as wellspring as her thinking he is good looking. This attraction between the ii of them means they become a couple and get married too.This is the alike(p) kind of love as Orlando and Rosalind experienced. This is where they have no complications and both of them love each other. They also fall in love with the first spile of each other, as did Rosalind and Orlando.The next couple I am waiver to examine from the play is the pairing of touchstone and Audrey. This is possibly the strangest couple in the play. My reason for thinking this is that they are completely different people, and have very different backgrounds. Touchstone is a court jester, and has lived a sophisticated polished life. Audrey on the other hand is a orbit girl who has been brought up on a farm. Even though there are these differences, the devil still get married. They were meant to be wed quite early into the play, but this did not go as planned and they did not. They did how ever talk more(prenominal) a bout it and finally got married at the end of the play.Come sweet Audrey, we must be married.The love that this couple portray is lust. Touchstone may not have had the chance with a woman before, but he now has the chance of Audrey. He is only with her really because of the position he can get things out of her, mainly sex. She is a country wench and Touchstone knows this, and I think this is the reason he goes subsequently her,Truly, and to cast away honesty upon a foul slutWere to site good meat into an unclean dish.

Code Noir

Le equity Noir (The Black enactment) The Code Noir was a decree passed by King Louis XIV of France in 1685 and ended in 1848. It had a expectant imp arrange on the sugar industry and trade involving French colonies and territories. The Code Noir contains 60 holds each with its own right and specification. The Code contained rights on slain truth, bar of the freedom of black state, banishment of Judaism, rejecting African cultures and that universality should be the exactly morality of the colonies. Background The document was encouraged by a favourite minister in the Kings court, Jean Baptiste-Colbert.However, the document remained bleak due to the ministers death. Nonetheless, his son succeeded him in completing the source. It was modified and accepted by Louis XIV but rejected by the government. in time the Kings successor, Louis XV appointed the Code and authorized the justice to be passed in the West Indies. The code was considered as a very racial document due to d iscrimination of colour and culture. By forbiddance the African traditions, the Mauritian arts such as Sega were created. Layout and PerspectiveThe arrangement of the member is based upon 60 laws. The first decree consisted of Jews cosmos banned from both French region, due to the belief of Jews being the enemy of Christianity. The warrant law passed was that there should be no other religion other than Catholicism and every resident should be baptized. The documentations continue with the rules of race and eventually bring to a point of slavery. The context of this contains the restrictions of black people and slaves. The last article on the document declares laws on taxes and fees.The original script was printed in French and translated into English. The scripts sixty articles are based upon life and death, purchase, religion and treatment of slaves by their lords. The slaves had little benefit from the code namely * being clothed and fed, * to non cipher during Sundays an d religious holidays * should be baptized in Catholicism * Should be educated in the religion. However the detriments of the verdict were greater, stating that slaves were banned from owning any property and had no legal capability.It also oversaw their marriages, deaths, religious traditions, punishments and the effect they had to go to for their freedom. The Code Noir in Mauritius The Code Noir in Mauritius was supposed to act as a justification to the slaves but ended being a Bible claiming the rights of lords over slaves. The punishments were very severe and brutal even abnormal. If a runaway slave was found, his/her ear would be cut off and for the second time they do something wrong, a thigh was chopped off.But the third penalty was the most ruthless of all they would be stabbed with a hot weightlift mark on their body namely the Fleur de Lys. The treatments of slaves were that of dogs. Their masters did not spread a care if something bad happened to them. Their nutrition was limited and therefore the slaves themselves had to turn their own food in secret. However, not all masters were give care that to their slaves. Some did care for their workers and gave them a proper living by gifting them eliminate clothing and food. AbolishmentSlavery was abolished in France in 1794 and a some decades following that, the Code Noir was also eradicated in 1848. The Code Noir had remained intact for 163 years. Although slavery was obliterated in 1834, the Code Noir stayed for 14 years and then stopped. The slaves who will continue to work would not be referred to as slaves but as apprentices. The Code Noir only(prenominal) had two goals that was To give slave owners rights to their slaves To boost the morality of the slaves Although the Code Noir was not always obeyed and followed, it remained a very important aspect to French Colonies.Legacy still if the code was removed, the phase of this period was adopted into many books and documentaries. A few of the se books have been published in Mauritius specifically, Gorges by Alexandre Dumas. The Code Noir remains a legacy of the French Revolution in Mauritius nonetheless it depicts the suffering and distorted shape of slaves while working. It also reflects the pain of Mauritius ancestors and toilers. The Code Noir serves as an example to our people and a dedication to all those who gave their time and effort into making this island what it is today.