Big Business Dbq

Ryan Burgett archive A informant Historical Statistics of the United States. papers study Food prices dec lie significantly between 1870 and 1899. Fuel and discharge prices declined significantly between 1870 and 1899. Cost of living declined slightly between 1870 and 1899. text file Inferences modify agricultural innovations led to decreased food prices. Mining and lighting innovations masterd prices for fuel and lighting. Falling prices for agricultural goods led to discontent among farmers. Mass work resulted in a decline in the cost of living. Electric lighting allowed for 24-hour toil, night shifts and possibly nightlong hours. potentiality remote breeding integrating Coxeys Army Economies of scale Edison, Thomas (incandescent lightbulb) Farmers Alliances (Northern, Southern, Colored) Farmers should raise less gamboge and more hell Lease, Mary Elizabeth Sub-Treasury plan catalogue B Source George E. McNeill, labor leader, The chore Movement The Problem of Today, 1887. roll cultivation railroad presidents argon similar to kings. Railroad presidents can discharge workers without cause and take off wages. Railroad presidents can delay lawsuits. Railroad presidents learn both the disposal and the slew. Railroad presidents controlled freight prices and monopolized food and fuel industries. Railroad presidents corrupt communities and control the press. Document Inferences The financial clout of railroads leaves employees helpless. Railroad labor and farm unrest is likely. Railroads dictate government policy. The Senate is controlled by wealthy interests because senators atomic number 18 not popularly elected. The legal system favors railroad interests. Potential away(p) study Blacklisting Munn v.Illinois opinion Mobilier scandal National Labor Union Fisk, Jim Patrons of Husbandry (Grange) political relation self-command of railroads Railway Strikes of 1877 Gould, Jay Sylvis, William Granger laws United States v. E. C. Knight Interstate Commerce deed of conveyance Vanderbilt, Cornelius Kelley, Oliver Hudson Wabash v. Illinois Long-haul/short-haul differentials yellow dog contracts AP Document C Source David A. Wells, engineer and economist, modern Economic Changes and Their Effect on the Document Information Workers no longer work indep curioently but as if they were part of a legions organization. Workers are taught to perform one simple task. Manufacturing has more often than not taken away(p) workers pride in their work. Document Inferences Mass production techniques led to strength of labor. Specialization of labor decreases workers pride in their craft. Specialization of labor leaves workers largely unskilled. Unskilled labor is relatively easy to replace. Potential immaterial Information Specialization of labor Sweatshops Unskilled/skilled labor Document D Source Joseph Keppler, The Bosses of the Senate, Puck, January 23, 1889. Document Information Shows considers as ov ersized. Shows public entrance to the Senate closed. Shows monopolists lined up at monopolists entrance. Shows some senators looking back toward the trusts. Shows sign aspect This is a Senate of the monopolists by the monopolists and for the monopolists. Document Inferences The Senate (government) is controlled by big business. People contract no control over the Senate because senators are not directly elected. Monopolists (trusts) are wealthy and powerful. Trusts control a great many industries. Potential Outside Information Billion Dollar Congress Bland-Allison ActCivil Service (Pendleton) Act offensive of 73 Dingley Tariff Direct election of senators (Populist platform, not Seventeenth Amendment) sumptuous Standard Act/Currency Act of 1900 Interstate Commerce relegating McKinley Tariff Monopolies Nast, Thomas Reed, Thomas Sherman Antitrust Act Sherman Silver leverage Act Wilson-Gorman Tariff Document E Source Andrew Carnegie, Wealth, North American Review, June 1889 . Document Information Wealthy people should lead a modest, unpretending existence. Surplus revenues are to be used as a trust fund for what the wealthy see as community good. The wealthy are trustees for the poor. The judgment of the wealthy will lead to better decisions than the poor would crap for themselves. Philanthropy justifies business owners wealth. Document Inferences Some business leaders believed in charity. The wealthy saw themselves as superior to the masses. genial obligation is a responsibility that comes with wealth. Potential Outside Information Carnegie libraries Carnegie Steel Corporation gospel truth of Wealth He who dies rich dies disgraced Homestead Strike Social Darwinism Social Gospel Veblen, Thorstein, Theory of the Leisure ClassVertical integration Document F Source Peoples ships company Platform, Omaha Morning World-Herald, July 5, 1892. Document Information Seeks to restore government to plain people. Power of the people (government) should be expanded. Seeks to end oppression, injustice, and poverty. Document Inferences The Populist Party was dedicated to political and social reform. Government should be strengthened and made more responsible to the people. The Populist Party nominated its own presidential candidate in 1892. Potential Outside Information Bryan, William Jennings Cross of Gold speechDirect election of senators (Populist platform, not Seventeenth Amendment) Farmers Alliances (Northern, Southern, Colored) detached and unlimited coinage of silver Government ownership of railroads (utilities) Income tax possibility Lease, Mary Elizabeth Ocala Demands Omaha Platform Populist Party Referendum Sub- Treasury Plan Weaver, jam B. Document G Source Samuel Gompers, What Does Labor Want? , an address in the lead the International Labor Congress in Chicago, August 28, 1893. Document Information People should not be considered property. Labor seeks shorter hours. Shorter labor hours will reduce jail and alms house populations. Labor insists on the right to organize. Negligence or venom should not leave the worker without recourse. Labor insists on adequate wages. Document Inferences Mass production techniques are dehumanizing. Bread-and-butter unionism grew with the trade union cause (shorter hours, better working conditions, increased wages). Workers compensation laws should be passed. Labor unions must(prenominal) organize to protect the interests of workers. Companies can and should help out communities by diminution unemployment ranks.Potential Outside Information American Federation of Labor Powderly, Terence bread-and-butter unionism Stephens, Uriah Knights of Labor Sylvis, William National Labor Union workers compensation Document H Document Information Says he is a victim of Rockefellers combination. Says Standard cover offered the same quality of oil for one to three cents less than he could. Says he found railroads were in league with Rockefeller and charged di scriminatory rates. Document Inferences Monopolists used ruthless tactics to put competitors out of business. Railroads gave big businesses rebates/kickbacks that helped them excision their competition. Government must protect small businesses against unfair business practices. Potential Outside Information American Beauty Rose Theory plain integration just windward of the law Long-haul/short-haul differentials Rebates/kickbacks Rockefeller, John D. Document I Source Theodore Dreiser, Sister Carrie, a novel, 1900. Document Information Department stores were among the approximately efficient retail organizations. Department stores were appealing, with swarms of patrons. Carrie was much affected by the reveal of goods. The displays affected Carrie personally. Document Inferences Urban glamour drew rural people to the city. Improved urban transportation led to the development of department stores. Displays and advertisement blurred the distinction between wants and needs. Consolidation in retail constancy offered increased availability of consumer goods to society. Potential Outside Information Electric trolleys Macys Wanamakers (department store) Woolworths Great Five Cent Store YMCA YWCA Document J Source Female typists, circa 1902. Courtesy of Library of Congress LC-D4-42930Document Information Shows women typists in a large room. Shows women all dressed similarly. Shows the presence of electric car lighting. Document Inferences Inventions like the typewriter and telephone increased employment for native-born, white women. in that respect was sameness about working in a mass production environment. Industrialization created employment opportunities that often discriminated according to gender and race. Potential Outside Information Sholes, Christopher (invention of the typewriter) Sweatshops Taylor, Frederick Taylorism (scientific management) YWCA